Enhancing Accessibility for People with Visual Impairment: Bridging the Gap in Touchscreen Technology

October 11, 2023

In the today’s world, touchscreens have become an inseparable part of our lives. They offer convenience, interactivity, and functionality across various devices, from smartphones and tablets to ATMs and kiosks. However, as technology advances, it is crucial to consider the impact on different user groups, especially those with disabilities. One such group that faces significant challenges with touchscreens is people with visual impairments. The absence of tactile feedback and reliance on visual elements often leads to frustration and exclusion for those with visual impairment


In this blog, we will explore the problems faced by individuals with visual impairments while using touchscreens and look into some innovative technologies that aim to bridge this accessibility gap. It's essential to consider how what we often take for granted can lead to negative experiences for various minority groups.


Touchscreens and the Challenges for People with Visual Impairments


Touchscreens are not inherently designed with accessibility in mind. Unlike physical buttons or keyboards that offer tactile feedback and audio cues, touchscreens often lack these features. Icons, menus, and gestures, integral to the touchscreen experience, can be inaccessible for individuals relying on screen readers or magnifiers.


Research shows that touchscreens are becoming increasingly ubiquitous, but their design fails to consider the needs of those with visual impairments (Butler et al., 2008, p. 135). This creates barriers and makes it difficult for people with visual impairments to perform essential tasks or access critical information independently.


Promising Technologies for Improving Touchscreen Accessibility


Thankfully, researchers and developers are actively working on technologies to enhance touchscreen accessibility for people with visual impairments. Here are some exciting examples:

  1. Haptic Feedback: Haptic feedback involves using vibrations, forces, or motions to simulate the sense of touch. This technology can help individuals with visual impairments locate and identify elements on a touchscreen, such as buttons, sliders, or text fields. A research team from the University of Melbourne has created a prototype of a haptic touchscreen using electrostatic forces to create different textures and shapes on the screen surface (Butler et al., 2021, p. 1). Users can feel the contours and edges of elements with their fingers and receive audio cues during interactions. Testing with people with visual impairments revealed improved accuracy and efficiency in tasks like entering PINs or selecting options.
  2. Spatial Audio: Spatial audio relies on sound to create a three-dimensional representation of the environment, helping people with visual impairments orient themselves and navigate a given space. For instance, a team from the University of Sydney developed a system that guides individuals with visual impairments through indoor environments using touchscreens and spatial audio (Sato et al., 2021, p. 1). The smartphone app generates audio cues that indicate the direction and distance of Bluetooth beacons placed in the environment, providing crucial information about surroundings like doors, walls, and furniture.
  3. Tangible Interfaces: Tangible interfaces are physical objects that users can manipulate and sense to interact with digital information. These interfaces offer unique advantages in helping people with visual impairments access and control complex data, such as graphs, maps, or diagrams. An innovative system from the University of Queensland utilises tangible interfaces to aid visually impaired students in learning mathematics (Marriott et al., 2021, p. 1). The system consists of a tablet and tangible tokens representing numbers, operators, and variables. Placing the tokens on the tablet screen allows students to create and modify mathematical expressions, with audio feedback confirming their actions and reading out results.


Conclusion

 

The ever-present technology in our lives, particularly touchscreens, highlights the need for inclusivity and accessibility. While touchscreens have greatly enhanced the user experience for many, it is essential to acknowledge the challenges they pose for people with visual impairments. Developing technologies like haptic feedback, spatial audio, and tangible interfaces holds immense promise in improving touchscreen accessibility and a more inclusive environment for all users.


As we continue to embrace technological advancements, it is crucial to ensure that everyday conveniences do not exclude or frustrate groups of people. Being mindful of their needs is way for a more equitable and inclusive future.


References:

  • Butler M., Neave P., & Datta A. (2008). Object appreciation through haptic interaction: A case study in accessibility for museum exhibits. In Proceedings of ASCILITE 2008 - The Australasian Society for Computers in Learning in Tertiary Education (pp. 135-144). Melbourne: ASCILITE.
  • Butler M., Datta A., & Neave P. (2021). Haptic Touch Screens: A Novel Approach to Accessible Touch Screen Interfaces for Blind Users Using Electrostatic Friction. In Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1-13). New York: ACM.
  • Marriott K., Goncu C., Hurst J., & Jay T. (2021). Accessible Mathematics for Visually Impaired Students Using Tangible Interfaces. In Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1-14). New York: ACM.
  • Sato D., Cabrera D., & Ferguson S. (2021). Spatial Audio Guidance for Visually Impaired People Using Touch Screens. In Proceedings of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (pp. 1-13). New York: ACM.


Dr. Matthew Butler: Object appreciation through haptic interaction - ASCILITE

Dr. Daisuke Sato: Spatial Audio and Acoustics research - The University of Sydney

Dr. Kim Marriott: Kimbal Marriott — Monash University

 


News & Insights

Check Our Latest Resources

June 6, 2025
From early check-ups to mental health conversations, Men’s Health Week (June 10–16) is a chance to remind ourselves—and the men in our lives—that it’s okay to take health seriously. It’s okay to talk. It’s okay to ask for support. At helpz, we know that health looks different for everyone. For boys, teens, and men with disability or psychosocial challenges, support isn’t always easy to find—or to ask for. But the right allied health care can make all the difference. Men face unique challenges According to the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare: Men are more likely to die by suicide than women, but are far less likely to seek help 1 Males with a disability experience higher rates of psychological distress than males without disability 2 Many men delay accessing health services, especially when it comes to emotional or mental health concerns The reasons are complex—social expectations, stigma, access issues, or simply not knowing where to turn. That’s where we come in. Breaking the stigma Our team at helpz supports boys and men across all life stages—from children with developmental delay to adult participants with autism, intellectual disability, or psychosocial conditions. We take a person-centred, non-judgemental approach and meet people where they are. Sometimes that looks like: Behaviour support that helps young men manage emotions and build connection Occupational therapy to support daily living skills and social confidence Psychology sessions focused on anxiety, self-worth, or relationship challenges Mental health OT that helps manage routine, motivation, and life transitions We listen first. We build trust. And we never push someone to be anything other than who they are. Talking early, talking often Whether it’s a father, a son, a friend or a participant—checking in can be powerful. Many men don’t know that therapy can be practical, respectful and empowering. At helpz, we believe in early intervention and consistent support. We work with families, carers, support coordinators and men themselves to tailor care that builds real outcomes: resilience, independence, and wellbeing. A safe place to ask for help You don’t need to wait for a crisis to get help. Men’s Health Week is a reminder that seeking support is a sign of strength—not weakness. If you or someone you support could benefit from allied health services designed with your goals in mind, we’re here for you. 
June 6, 2025
Being seen and supported: Why LGBTQIA+ inclusion matters in allied health Every person deserves to feel safe, understood and valued—especially in the spaces where they seek support. For many LGBTQIA+ Australians, however, healthcare and support settings can be places of misunderstanding, misgendering or exclusion. At helpz, we’re committed to changing that. Why inclusion matters in allied health Healthcare and therapy should be safe spaces—but for LGBTQIA+ individuals, they too often are not. Research shows that LGBTQIA+ people are more likely to avoid or delay seeking medical or allied health care due to fear of discrimination or past negative experiences. When care is not inclusive or affirming, people may feel unsafe, unsupported or unseen. And for LGBTQIA+ individuals living with disability, neurodivergence or mental health challenges, this compounds layers of vulnerability. That’s why affirming care is not optional—it’s essential. Our commitment to inclusive practice At helpz, we recognise that people bring many parts of themselves into the room. Gender identity, sexuality, neurodivergence, cultural background, trauma history, disability—all of these are part of the whole person. Our clinicians are trained in neuroaffirming and trauma-informed approaches and are committed to ongoing learning around inclusive practice. We support LGBTQIA+ participants with a wide range of goals, from exploring independence and communication to managing anxiety or navigating relationships. That might mean a psychologist offering gender-affirming mental health support, or an occupational therapist helping someone feel more confident in everyday activities. Our commitment includes: Respecting pronouns and preferred names Creating visibly inclusive spaces (e.g., rainbow badges, inclusive language) Continual staff education and reflective practice Partnering with LGBTQIA+ organisations where relevant Understanding intersectionality We work with many participants whose identities sit at the intersection of LGBTQIA+, neurodivergent and disabled experiences. For example, an autistic non-binary young person may experience sensory overwhelm, social anxiety, and fear of discrimination all at once. Our job is to listen deeply, collaborate respectfully, and co-design supports that empower—not pathologise. By acknowledging the unique experiences of each person, we create space for genuine connection and progress. What inclusive care can look like Inclusive allied health is more than a set of policies. It’s a practice of compassion and curiosity, of checking our assumptions and leading with respect. For example, our practitioners might: Ask and confirm someone’s pronouns, then use them correctly Understand how dysphoria might affect sensory needs or social situations Help a young person rehearse coming out conversations in a supportive space Work with families to create affirming environments at home Respect and support someone’s journey—wherever they are on it Looking ahead: support that celebrates every person This Pride Month, and every month, we celebrate the LGBTQIA+ people we support—and the courage it takes to show up as yourself in a world that doesn’t always make it easy. We believe in building systems of support that truly reflect the diversity of the people they serve. That means listening, learning, and growing—together. 
June 6, 2025
Managing your NDIS budget can be tricky – especially when all your funding arrives at once. That’s why the NDIS is introducing funding periods from 19 May 2025 to help you better manage your supports across the life of your plan. So what’s changing? And how will it affect you? Let’s break it down. What are funding periods? Funding periods are a new way of releasing your NDIS funding in smaller chunks (usually every 3 months). This gives you more flexibility while helping you make sure your funding lasts for your whole plan. You’ll still receive the same total amount of funding – the only change is when you can access it. Why is this happening? The goal is to: make sure supports are available when you need them reduce the chance of running out of funds too early It also helps people track their spending more easily using the my NDIS app or participant portal. What do I need to do? Nothing will change until your next new or reassessed plan. When that happens, you’ll have a chance to talk to the NDIA about your circumstances and get support to understand the changes. Once funding periods apply, you’ll be able to see: how much funding you have how much you’ve spent when your next funds will be released Any unused funding within a funding period will roll over to the next one – but it won’t carry over into a brand new plan. So budgeting well is still really important. What can I spend NDIS funds on? It’s also important to remember the NDIS has clear rules about what it can and can’t fund. These rules were updated last year and split into two lists: supports the NDIS can fund supports the NDIS cannot fund Before you spend your funding, check that the support is part of your plan and aligns with these rules. If you claim something that isn’t approved, you might need to pay it back. You can read the full lists at What does the NDIS fund? What if my situation changes? You can always request a change to your plan if your needs change – and your current plan will stay the same until it’s reassessed. Need more info? You can find all the details about funding periods, what you can claim, and how to manage your plan at the official NDIS website .  Or check out their FAQs on legislation and sign up to the NDIS newsletter to stay in the loop.